Surge Protectors in Electronic Assemblies (surge suppressors or surge arresters) are devices used in electronic assemblies and power distribution systems to protect connected electronic equipment from voltage spikes, surges, and transient electrical disturbances. These disturbances can occur for various reasons, such as lightning strikes, power grid fluctuations, or switching on and off high-powered electrical devices. Surge protectors divert excess voltage from sensitive electronic devices, preventing damage and ensuring continued operation. Here are some critical aspects of surge protectors in electronics assemblies:

  1. Voltage Protection: Surge protectors in electronic assemblies are designed to limit the voltage that reaches connected equipment to a safe level. They have a voltage clamping mechanism that activates when the voltage surpasses a certain threshold. This clamping action redirects the excess voltage to a grounding path, keeping it away from the protected devices.
  2. Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors (TVSS): Surge protectors are sometimes called TVSS devices. They are typically installed at the point where electrical power enters a building or at the distribution panel to safeguard the entire electrical system and all connected devices downstream.
  3. Types of Surge Protectors: There are various types of surge protectors in electronic assemblies available, including:
    • Whole-Facility Surge Protectors: Installed at the main electrical panel, these protect the entire facility from external surges.
    • Outlet Surge Protectors: Plugged directly into a wall outlet, these protect individual devices or appliances.
    • Power Strip Surge Protectors: These power strips with built-in surge protection provide multiple outlets for connected devices.
    • Data Line Surge Protectors: Designed to protect data and communication lines, such as Ethernet, telephone, and coaxial cables.
    • Surge Protectors for Electronic Equipment: These are often integrated into electronic devices like computers, televisions, and audio equipment to safeguard them from internal and external surges.
  4. Response Time: Surge protectors must respond quickly to voltage spikes, as even a fraction of a second can significantly protect sensitive electronics. Look for surge protectors with low response times for better performance.
  5. Joule Rating: Surge protectors are rated in joules, representing the energy they can absorb before they become less effective or fail. Higher joule ratings indicate better protection.
  6. Indicator Lights: Many surge protectors come with indicator lights showing whether the device still provides protection. Some models also have audible alarms to alert you when they need replacement.
  7. Lifespan: Surge protectors have a limited lifespan because they wear out over time due to repeated surges. It’s essential to replace them periodically to ensure continued protection.

Surge protectors are crucial in safeguarding electronic equipment from electrical surges and spikes. They are essential components of electronic assemblies and are used in various forms to protect individual devices and entire electrical systems.