A: Electrical conductivity measures a material’s ability to conduct an electric current. It is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity. Materials with high electrical conductivity, such as metals, allow electric charges to flow easily. In contrast, materials with low electrical conductivity, such as insulators (rubber or plastic), impede the flow of electric charges.

Electrical conductivity is vital in various fields, including electrical design engineering, materials science, and electronics. Electrical conductivity is typically measured in units of Siemens per meter (S/m) or, more commonly, in units of microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm).